Op-Amp Circuit: Integrator

This is a Op-Amp Integrator Circuit. This circuit is used to perform the integration operation. Essentially, this circuit is a low-pass filter with a frequency response decreasing at 6 dB per octave. This circuit should be equipped with an external establishing initial conditions’s method (s1). Here is the circuit: When S1 is in position 2, the amplifier is connected as […]

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Driving Relay with 555 IC

This is a Driving Relay circuit using 555 IC. The circuit is used to drive a relay to avoid 555 hangs up, it uses an inductive feedback. The coil is prevented to drive Pin 3 below a negative 0.6V by a clamp diode that across the coil. However, in some case, this negative voltage maybe cause the timer to malfunction. […]

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